[Clinical and mycological evaluation of onychomycosis among Brazilian HIV/AIDS patients]. / Avaliação clínica e micológica de onicomicose em pacientes brasileiros com HIV/AIDS.

INTRODUCTION: Onychomycosis is common in immunocompromised patients, but emerging species have been verified, thereby modifying the epidemiological profile of this mycosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and mycological profile of onychomycosis among HIV/AIDS patients. METHODS: Clinical samples were collected and processed for direct examination, and cultures were maintained at a temperature of 30 °C and 37 °C for 15 days. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients, 32 had onychomycosis. The etiological agents isolated were Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Fusarium solani, Scytalidium hialinum, S. japonicum, Aspergillus niger, Cylindrocarpon destructans and Phialophora reptans. CONCLUSIONS: Onychomycosis in HIV/AIDS patients presents various clinical manifestations and may be caused by emerging fungi. The peculiarities presented by different fungal agents justify the need for identification to species level, with the purpose of guiding better therapeutic approaches and minimizing these patients' exposure to conditions presenting a risk of disseminated infection.

Avaliação clínica e micológica de onicomicose em pacientes brasileiros com HIV/AIDS / Clinical and mycological evaluation of onychomycosis among Brazilian HIV/AIDS patients

INTRODUÇÃO: Onicomicoses são comuns em pacientes imunocomprometidos embora espécies emergentes tenham sido verificadas, modificado o perfil epidemiológico desta micose. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar o perfil clínico e micológico da onicomicose em pacientes com infecção pelo HIV/AIDS. MÉTODOS: Amostras clínicas foram coletadas, processados para exame direto e a cultura mantida a temperatura de 30°C e 37ºC durante 15 dias. RESULTADOS: Dos 100 pacientes, 32 apresentavam onicomicose. Os agentes isolados foram Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Fusarium solani, Scytalidium hialinum, S. japonicum, Aspergillus niger, Cylindrocarpon destructans e Phialophora reptans. CONCLUSÕES: Onicomicoses em HIV/AIDS apresentam variadas manifestações clínicas e podem ser causadas por fungos emergentes. As peculiaridades apresentadas pelos diferentes agentes de origem fúngica justificam a necessidade de identificação ao nível da espécie, com a finalidade de orientar uma melhor abordagem terapêutica e minimizar a exposição desses pacientes a condições de risco de uma infecção disseminada.

INTRODUCTION: Onychomycosis is common in immunocompromised patients, but emerging species have been verified, thereby modifying the epidemiological profile of this mycosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and mycological profile of onychomycosis among HIV/AIDS patients. METHODS: Clinical samples were collected and processed for direct examination, and cultures were maintained at a temperature of 30°C and 37°C for 15 days. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients, 32 had onychomycosis. The etiological agents isolated were Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Fusarium solani, Scytalidium hialinum, S. japonicum, Aspergillus niger, Cylindrocarpon destructans and Phialophora reptans. CONCLUSIONS: Onychomycosis in HIV/AIDS patients presents various clinical manifestations and may be caused by emerging fungi. The peculiarities presented by different fungal agents justify the need for identification to species level, with the purpose of guiding better therapeutic approaches and minimizing these patients' exposure to conditions presenting a risk of disseminated infection.

Fusarium lateritium (NEES) as an agent of fungemia in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Emerging fungal pathogens are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised host. The association of fungi from the Fusarium genus with human infection in uncommon. The objective of this paper is to report the first case of fungaemia caused by Fusarium lateritium in a 42-year-old HIV-infected patient.

Patógenos fúngicos emergentes estão associados com morbidade e mortalidade no hospedeiro imunocomprometido. O gênero Fusarium raramente está associado com infecção humana. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar o primeiro caso de fungemia causada por Fusarium lateritium em um paciente infectado pelo HIV com 42 anos de idade.